Can an artificer use fireball?
An artificer studying a Wand of Fireballs would likely learn how to make a Wand of Fireballs, not how to cast the Fireball spell. Heh, that sort of backwards transition, from artifice to wizardly knowledge independent of any item or implement, is kind of anathema to the entire spirit of what the artificer is.
A bright streak flashes from your pointing finger to a point you choose within range and then blossoms with a low roar into an explosion of flame. Each creature in a 20-foot-radius sphere centered on that point must make a Dexterity saving throw.
Fireball is a third-level spell appearing on both the sorcerer and wizard spell lists. It has a 20 foot radius area and deals 8d6 damage, with a save for half. It can be cast in a higher level spell slot to increase the damage by 1d6 per spell slot above third level.
When you cast an artificer spell through the firearm, roll a d8, and you gain a bonus to one of the spell's damage rolls equal to the number rolled.
Look there's a reason that everyone always casts Fireball and it's not just that it's overpowered in 5th. It's overpowered in every edition.
How to cast fireball 5e. To cast fireball, your Sorcerer or Wizard must have all the right components. This includes verbal and somatic gestures, so expect to be doing some chanting and hand waving. You'll also need your material components – sulfur, and a little bat guano.
No, Fireball can't be twinned. Only single-target spells can be twinned.
No, it does not.
Unless it explicitly asks for an attack roll, you don't make one.
Are Fireball shots strong? No, Fireball shots are not strong since the liquor only contains 33% alcohol by volume, 20% lower than a regular whiskey. One average shot is not a problem with the legal limit for blood alcohol content.
Spells Available
Your instinct is correct: the artificer is more like a cleric than a wizard when it comes to spells known. They prepare spells daily from the complete list available (which includes subclass spells).
Can an artificer cast spells?
Artificers use a variety of tools to channel their arcane power. To cast a spell, an artificer might use alchemist's supplies to create a potent elixir, calligrapher's supplies to inscribe a sigil of power, or tinker's tools to craft a temporary charm.
After errata, those creatures can use a Spell Storing Item
If you are incapacitated, the homunculus can take any action of its choice, not just Dodge. This enables them to use any action including the Use an Object action (as clarified by the SAC) used by the Spell Storing Item to produce the spell effect.
Artificers create magical items and use tools to work their magic, and the subclasses (Alchemist, Artillerist, Battle Smith) give an Artificer some distinct roles that they can fill. They're magic users, but they won't be encroaching on the pure destructive power of wizards or sorcerers".