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An investment advisor (sometimes spelled "investment adviser") is defined as a company or person who has a government registration allowing them to choose, manage and recommend investments for clients. Investment advisors are also sometimes referred to as stock brokers.
Unlike other financial advisors who may not be regulated, investment advisors are regulated by their state or the SEC depending on how much money they manage. Investment advisors may also offer services like retirement planning.
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How much does an investment advisor cost?
Investment advisors typically charge clients a percentage of the assets they manage. According to a 2021 survey of registered investment advisors from AdvisoryHQ, a typical advisory fee is between 0.59% and 1.18%.
However, other investment advisors charge flat fees for certain services, and some have hourly rates that can range between $120 and $300.
» Learn more: How much does a financial advisor cost?
Is an investment advisor worth the cost?
Do you really need an investment advisor? That depends on how comfortable you are selecting, monitoring and managing investments yourself.
Generally speaking, the more complicated your financial situation, the more likely you are to benefit from professional help. If you feel your money could be doing more for you and you’re not sure where to start, it may be a good idea to speak to an investment advisor or financial advisor.
If your finances are more straightforward or you want an inexpensive alternative to an in-person advisor, consider using a robo-advisor. Robo-advisors use computer algorithms to build and manage your portfolio, usually for an annual fee of 0.25% to 0.50% of your account balance.
» Want a robot to manage your investments? Check out our roundup of the best robo-advisors, or compare a few options below:
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What is the difference between an investment advisor and a financial advisor?
The terms investment advisor and financial advisor are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same. “Financial advisor” is a catch-all phrase referring to many different kinds of financial professionals. “Investment adviser,” or investment advisor, is a legally regulated term for individuals or companies that are registered with the SEC or a state regulator.
Since the term financial advisor casts a wide net, it's tricky to know whether someone can legally give investment advice. For starters, it's a good idea to confirm that the advisor is registered. Registered investment advisors, or RIAs, have a fiduciary duty to their clients, meaning they are obligated to advise in their clients’ best interest and disclose potential conflicts of interest.
Investment advisors do not have to take a specific qualifying exam, but they generally must pass certain licensing requirements in order to practice. Many investment advisors also have other certifications like certified financial planner (CFP) or chartered financial analyst (CFA). These designations may allow them to offer more holistic financial guidance — for example, advice on how to budget, consult on taxes, plan for retirement or pay down debt — in addition to investment advice.
When vetting a potential investment advisor, make sure their certifications or licenses meet your needs. Always ask about their qualifications, if they have a fiduciary duty to their clients and what their fee structure is. You can also look up an investment advisor’s background through the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s BrokerCheck, which offers information on both SEC- and state-registered investment advisors.
» Want to know more? Learn about the different types of financial advisors.
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Who must register as an investment advisor?
According to the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940, an investment advisor is a person or firm that provides advice to others or issues securities reports or analyses for compensation. Any financial professional who fits that description must register as an investment advisor, or qualify for an exception.
This mandatory registration, and the regulation that follows, is what makes investment advisors unique. The SEC shares the duty of regulating these advisors with state securities regulators.
Investment advisors who reach $110 million in assets under management are overseen by the SEC; investors with AUM below that threshold are typically governed by the state. An investment advisor can voluntarily register with the SEC once they reach $100 million, but they are generally required to do so when their AUM passes the $110 million threshold.
The SEC and the state securities regulators set requirements for investment advisors to hold them accountable. For example, all investment advisors registered with the SEC must have a written policy on insider trading, privacy and a code of ethics.
