The Dark Side of Cryptocurrency | Office of Information Security (2024)

The Dark Side of Cryptocurrency | Office of Information Security (1)

The unfamiliarity and confusion surrounding cryptocurrency make it easier for cybercriminals to prey on their victims. Before explaining how a cybercriminal can exploit people for cryptocurrency, it helps to have a basic understanding of the technology.

Bitcoin is one form of cryptocurrency in the same way that the Euro is one form of government-issued currency. Cryptocurrency is any digital currency designed as a medium of exchange that operates independently from a central banking authority. Due to its decentralization, transactions are peer-to-peer, quick, and nearly anonymous. Transactions are validated by mining. Here is a breakdown of these terms.

  • Digital There are no physical coins, bills, or notes. Everything exists on computers.
  • Independent There is no central bank or server. Transaction validation is distributed across a network of computers.
  • Peer-to-peer Currency is exchanged directly between sender and receiver. There is no third party like there is with Venmo or Zelle.
  • Quick– The average confirmation time of a Bitcoin transaction is “approximately 10 minutes” (Bhalla, 2022).
  • Nearly Anonymous Owners and users of cryptocurrency do not have to disclose any personal information. Anyone can own and use cryptocurrency.
  • Mining It is essentially the auditing process for transactions. The audit involves computers solving an extremely complicated math problem. As a reward for doing this calculation, the miner will receive some cryptocurrency.

Enter the Cybercriminal

Two popular ways for a cybercriminal to obtain cryptocurrency are extorting a victim for their data and mining cryptocurrency on a victim’s computer.

The first method is called ransomware. Ransomware is what criminals used during the attack on the Colonial Pipeline Company in May of 2021 (U.S. Department of Energy). In a nutshell, it is when malicious software prevents a user from accessing their computer files. Afterward, the attacker demands that their victim pay a ransom – usually in cryptocurrency – to unlock their files.

The second method is called Cryptojacking. It happens when a cybercriminal infects the victim’s computer with malicious software that mines on the attacker’s behalf. The victim’s computer’s processing power is hijacked, and the attacker reaps the reward.

How can you avoid these attacks?

  • Keep your operating system, software, and applications up to date.
  • Set your anti-virus software to auto-update and scan regularly.
  • Avoid downloading software from suspicious sites. When possible, stick to using trusted app stores like Google Play, the Apple App Store, and the Microsoft Store.
  • Do not click suspicious links sent to you via email or text message.

Additional Reading:

If you are a victim of ransomware:

References

The Dark Side of Cryptocurrency  | Office of Information Security (2024)

FAQs

What is the dark truth about cryptocurrency? ›

Cryptocurrency scams manifest in various guises, each presenting a unique set of challenges to the unsuspecting investor. One prevalent form is the Ponzi scheme, cleverly dressed in crypto attire. It lures victims by promising outlandishly high returns on investments.

Is cryptocurrency a security threat? ›

1. What are the common security risks associated with cryptocurrency? Common security risks include hacking and phishing attacks, smart contract vulnerabilities, social engineering scams, insider threats, and rug pulls.

What is the negative side of cryptocurrency? ›

The lack of key policies related to transactions serves as a major drawback of cryptocurrencies. The no refund or cancellation policy can be considered the default stance for transactions wrongly made across crypto wallets and each crypto stock exchange or app has its own rules.

What is the cyber crime using cryptocurrency? ›

One of the most notorious uses of cryptocurrency in cybercrime is ransomware. Ransomware attacks, one of today's most important cyber security problems, especially for organizations, have also increased in parallel with the rise of cryptocurrencies.

Who controls the value of cryptocurrency? ›

Bitcoin's price is primarily affected by its supply, the market's demand, availability, competing cryptocurrencies, and investor sentiment. Bitcoin supply is limited—there is a finite number of bitcoins, and the final coins are projected to be mined in 2140.

What is the dark side of the blockchain? ›

The Dark Side of Blockchain Technology: Environmental Concerns and Mitigation Strategies. The contemporary times are characterized by adoption of technology-driven systems in almost every aspect of life thereby reshaping civilisation in terms of work, education, entertainment, economy, and commerce, at a rapid pace.

What makes crypto not a security? ›

The Securities and Exchange Commission's primary theory on whether a cryptoasset is a security appears to be based upon whether the blockchain project associated with a cryptoasset is, at any point in time, “sufficiently decentralized.”[2] If so, the cryptoasset is not a security.

What would happen if crypto was a security? ›

If a cryptocurrency is a security, cryptocurrency issuers and exchanges must seek the necessary licenses from their securities regulators. This is usually pretty difficult to do, so the crypto industry spends a huge amount of effort trying to ensure that cryptocurrency sales and developments avoid securities laws.

What is the most secure cryptocurrency? ›

Which cryptocurrency is most secure? Ethereum is considered to be the most secure cryptocurrency as compared to other digital assets. This is largely because its platform uses the blockchain technology, which is one of the most robust technologies for digital transactions.

Why shouldn't you invest in crypto? ›

There are several risks associated with investing in cryptocurrency: loss of capital, government regulations, fraud and hacks. Loss of capital. Mark Hastings, partner at Quillon Law, warns that investors must tread carefully in crypto's unique financial environment or risk significant losses.

Why is crypto not the future? ›

Volatility and lack of regulation. The rapid rise of cryptocurrencies and DeFi enterprises means that billions of dollars in transactions are now taking place in a relatively unregulated sector, raising concerns about fraud, tax evasion, and cybersecurity, as well as broader financial stability.

What is crypto backed by? ›

Backing a currency is done by the currency's issuer to ensure its value. Bitcoin, gold, and fiat currencies are not backed by any other asset. Bitcoin has value despite no backing because it has properties of sound money.

What is the most cyber crime committed using cryptocurrency? ›

Cybercriminals have found many ways to use cryptocurrencies for their benefit. One of the most common ways is through ransomware attacks. In a ransomware attack, a cybercriminal will gain access to a victim's computer and encrypt their files, making them inaccessible.

Why do hackers prefer cryptocurrency? ›

Bitcoin is a digital currency that can be transferred from one person to another without the use of a bank. Because it's unsecured it could easily be lost or stolen and is not insured by any government bodies. You might have heard about bitcoin because of the WannaCry ransomware.

Why do fraudsters use crypto? ›

Cryptocurrencies are known for their market volatility so the value of investor's assets go up and down quickly. As more people have invested their money in cryptocurrencies, criminals have capitalised on this as an opportunity to commit fraud.

Why was cryptocurrency banned? ›

The official reason given for the move against IPs is, according to the local Premium Times, the “continuous manipulation of the forex market”, and the decision was taken “following reports that currency speculators and money launderers were using [crypto platforms] to execute criminal activities”.

Can Bitcoin go to zero? ›

It is theoretically possible. Bitcoin has been around for close to 15 years now, and although it has survived several dramatic crashes before making new highs, its extreme volatile nature puts investors at risk of losing all their money.

What cryptocurrency should i avoid? ›

As a rule of thumb, investors should avoid meme coins, low-market-cap coins, and any coins not trading on major cryptocurrency exchanges.

Why is crypto a scary investment? ›

Most crypto coins have extreme volatility swings, complicated technicals and very little regulation. So, while there's an opportunity and people have become rich, many still hesitate to invest in the crypto market.

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