How are Police Using Drones? (2024)

Across the country, police departments are using myriad means and resources at their disposal to stock up on drones. According to the most recent tally on the Atlas of Surveillance (a project of EFF and the University of Nevada), at least 1,172 police departments nationwide are using drones. And over time, we can expect more law enforcement agencies to deploy them. A flood of COVID relief money, civil asset forfeiture money, federal grants, or military surplus transfers enable more departments to acquire these flying spies.

But how are police departments using them?

A new law in Minnesota mandates the yearly release of information related to police use of drones, and gives us a partial window into how law enforcement use them on a daily basis. The 2021 report released by the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension documents use of drones in the state during the year 2020.

According to the report, 93 law enforcement agencies from across the state deployed drones 1,171 times in 2020—with an accumulative price tag of almost $1 million. The report shows that the vast majority of the drone deployments are not used for the public safety disasters that so many departments use to justify drone use. Rather, almost half (506) were just for the purpose of “training officers.” Other uses included information collection based on reasonable suspicion of unspecified crimes (185), requests from other government agencies unrelated to law enforcement (41), road crash investigation (39), and preparation for and monitoring of public events (6 and 12, respectively). There were zero deployments to counter the risk of terrorism. Police deployed drones 352 times in the aftermath of an “emergency” and 27 times for “disaster” response.

This data isn’t terribly surprising. After all, we’ve spent years seeing police drones being deployed in more and more mundane policing situations and in punitive ways.

After the New York City Police Department accused one racial justice activist, Derrick Ingram, of injuring an officer’s ears by speaking too loudly through his megaphone at a protest, police flew drones by his apartment window—a clear act of intimidation. The government also flew surveillance drones over multiple protests against police racism and violence during the summer of 2020. When police fly drones over a crowd of protestors, they chill free speech and political expression through fear of reprisal and retribution from police. Police could easily apply face surveillance technology to footage collected by a surveillance drone that passed over a crowd, creating a preliminary list of everyone that attended that day’s protest.

As we argued back in May 2020, drones don’t disappear once the initial justification for purchasing them no longer seems applicable. Police will invent ways to use their invasive toys–which means that drone deployment finds its way into situations where they are not needed, including everyday policing and the surveillance of First Amendment-protected activities. In the case of Minnesota’s drone deployment, police can try to hide behind their use of drones as a glorified training tool, but the potential for their invasive use will always hang over the heads (literally) of state residents.

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How are Police Using Drones? (2024)

FAQs

How are Police Using Drones? ›

One is to position the drone in a way that it can see into a window and get information as to the location of the suspect(s) and/or hostage(s). This has provided police intelligence as to where and when to make entry.

How can you tell if its a police drone? ›

How Do You Spot A Police Drone At Night? During nighttime operations, police drones are equipped with distinctive red and green lights, akin to those seen on airplanes. The red lights are positioned on the left side of the drone, while the right side features green lights.

How long can police drones fly for? ›

A typical police drone can stay in the air for 10 to 30 minutes, while high-end police drones can fly for even an hour or more.

What can police drones see at night? ›

Police drones have infrared cameras and thermal imaging capabilities that allow them to see through walls and windows. They are able to do this through a process called Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR). This kind of vision doesn't just work in daylight; it also works at night—even if there is no moonlight!

Why would a police drone be following me? ›

A drone will follow you only when instructed by a human operator for different reasons. Most times is to collect confidential details about you or spy on your facility. Another reason would be when the government unprecedentedly decided to track people's movement using drones.

Can police use drones to watch you? ›

Now drones can be flown into a building and conduct room searches remotely with no potential harm to the officer. In situations where a person is holed up in a room, the drone can be positioned or “perched” to maintain surveillance. This intelligence also allows LEOs to know the best time to enter.

What to do if a drone is watching you? ›

If you witness a drone not following FAA rules, you may reach out to your local FAA flight standards district office. The FAA's investigators may be able to investigate your report and follow up with the drone operator. Unauthorized drone operators may be subject to penalties and criminal charges.

What police departments use drones? ›

The Los Angeles Police Department made drones a permanent part of the force in September 2019. They are also used by the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department and the Burbank Police Department.

How far can police drones see? ›

So you probably want to know exactly how far away a drone camera can see. What is this? A high-quality drone camera can see 1,500-2,000 feet away during the day. At night, drone cameras can pick up an image about 165 feet away before it becomes blurry.

What drones are used for surveillance? ›

In-Line monitoring, fixed-wing UAVs perform high-level highway, coastal, and border surveillance. They can also provide high-level feedback on illegal border crossing, smuggling, or wild animal traffic.

How do you tell if drones are around your house? ›

Drones operating on RF communication can be tracked using RF sensors, while others that are GPS Pre-Programmed to a way point can be tracked using Radar detection. Visual detection technology like Pan, Tilt and Zoom (PTZ) Cameras can be used to get visuals on the detected drone, and confirm a drone threat.

Can police drones hear conversations? ›

Yes, drones can hear conversations. Drones are able to hear conversations because they are equipped with microphones and speakers. The microphones allow them to pick up sounds and frequencies that humans can't hear, while the speakers allow them to communicate back to humans.

Can police drones see through walls? ›

No, police drones are not currently capable of seeing through walls. While some drones are equipped with advanced cameras and sensors, including thermal imaging cameras, they are not capable of seeing through solid objects such as walls.

How do you tell if feds are following you? ›

When the feds decided to target you for an investigation involving federal contracts, they are common signs to watch out for ( see below). The most common signs of being under investigation include talking to your friends, employees acting abnormally, and even an investigator leaving a business card on your door.

How do you stop police drones from spying on you? ›

No, there are ways to deal with it. You can stop a drone from spying on you by installing security cameras or devices that detect drones in your area. Ensure that your property is secure and taking measures to stop drones from flying over your area. If you see a drone, try to identify the operator and their purpose.

Do police drones have facial recognition? ›

Drones can also be equipped with biometric surveillance capabilities like facial recognition, gait recognition, emotion recognition, or behavior detection — and even when the data is inaccurate, law enforcement may rely on it to arrest people. They can be outfitted to detect objects, including license plates.

Why are drones flying over my house at night? ›

The latest FAA rules allow drones to fly at night. So if you're in the United States, and happen to see a drone in your neighborhood, probably a filmmaker wants to get some night shots. Law Enforcement officers are also using drones for aerial surveillance, which could happen during the day or at night.

Why would a drone be flying over my house? ›

These drones are programmed to hover around areas where they're likely to receive a pingback from their owner's smartphone. This means they'll be hovering over homes with people who have recently ordered something online. Someone may have set up a hobby drone in your area and is flying it around for fun.

What does a police drone sound like? ›

Police drones make a sound that's similar to a lawnmower. The sound may be loud or soft depending on the model of drone and how high it is flying, but you should be able to hear it clearly if one is nearby. You can see it with your eyes, so long as there isn't too much cloud coverage in the sky to block out your view.

How long can a drone hover in one spot? ›

How long can drones stay flying? The average flight time of toy drones is about 10 minutes. The average flight time for mid-level drones is about 22 minutes. The average flight time of high-end consumer drones is about 28 minutes.

Do drone cameras follow you? ›

What is a follow me drone? Quite simply, a follow me drone is one that follows you or a subject of your choosing autonomously. Not only does this make for a much easier piloting, photographing and videoing experience, but it also makes for more natural shots – especially if you want or need to be in them.

What do drones look like at night in the sky? ›

Drones can look like stars in the night sky if they are sufficiently far away. At night, drones will look like little dots of light (either red or green) moving across the sky. Some drones will emit a blinking white/green/red light visible for several miles, and you may mistake them for stars.

What do police drone pilots do? ›

Some examples include; providing an overhead view of a specific area or incident for ground personnel, safely clearing the interior of buildings, providing detailed documentation of crime and accident scenes, and searching for lost or missing persons.

When did police departments start using drones? ›

Commercializing the first quadcopter in 1999 provided accident reconstruction for highway patrol, which ultimately led to assistance in forensic investigations. This grew into Draganfly putting thermal cameras on drones to work for search and rescue teams.

Can police helicopters see inside your house? ›

It can see if a house, room, or roof is hotter than its surroundings. The privacy of your home is well respected by law enforcement when operating in a helicopter but if there is reason to suspect criminal activities are being conducted from a home they may be given permission to use the camera to try and see inside.

How much can a drone see at night? ›

A typical drone with powerful illumination can see up to 165 feet (50m) away at night or in low-light conditions. Beyond that distance, the drone can only see a faint shadow that cannot be discerned. Drones equipped with infrared night vision cameras can also see a fairly limited range, up to about 5 yards.

What does a spy drone look like at night? ›

Drones flying at night are equipped with anti-collision lights that help to make them visible to other aircraft and people on the ground. These lights are typically red and green, and they may be blinking or steady.

Are drones invading our privacy? ›

“Drones can cause privacy harms as they can potentially invade people's private space, and accidentally expose them by processing personal data against their will.

How fast is a surveillance drone? ›

A drone can travel at speeds of more than 4,800 miles per hour.

How do I block drones from my property? ›

How To Stop Drones From Flying Over Your House?
  1. Use Anti-drone Drones.
  2. Use Net-firing Anti-drone Guns.
  3. Jam The Drone's Radio Communications.
  4. Use Trained Eagles To Capture Drones.
  5. Buy A Drone-jamming Device.
  6. Contact Law Enforcement.
  7. Start Yelling.
  8. Find The Operator And Keep Him From Coming Back.

Do drones sound like airplanes? ›

If multiple drones fly in formation they can make a sound similar to a swarm of bees or a flock of birds. One drone on its own sounds much like an airplane or lawnmower; with many drones working together, the sound is lessening and more mellifluous.

What color are police drones? ›

Typically, police drones have red and green lights, similar to those found on airplanes. The red lights indicate the drone's left side, while the green lights are on the right side. Additionally, some drones might also have white or blue lights, providing better visibility to the drone operator.

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