A Guide to Types of Assessment:Diagnostic, Formative, Interim, and Summative
Assessments come in many shapes and sizes. For those who are new to assessment or just starting out, the terms can be hard to sort out or simply unfamiliar. Knowing one type of assessment from another can be a helpful way to understand how best to use assessment to your advantage. That’s why we’ve taken the time to layout the different types of assessment for you in this post.
The multi-faceted nature of assessments means that educators can leverage them in a number of ways to provide valuable formal or informal structure to the learning process. The main thing to remember is that the assessment is a learning tool. What all assessments have in common is that they provide a snapshot of student understanding at a particular time in the learning process.
Reasonably so, when you were aK-12 student yourself, you may not have been aware of the variety of assessments that teachers leverage. To the average student, or anyone who has ever been a student, the word ‘test’ has a pretty clear cut definition and it usually includes some level of anxiety and expectation about a final outcome. But, to educators, tests – or assessments – are actually quite multi-faceted and have both formal and informal places throughout thelearning process.
Assessments can run the gamut from start to finish when it comes to instruction. Think of it like a long distance race that has a start and finish line and manystations to refuel in between. The race can be any instructional period of time, such as a unit, a quarter, or even the full year. In this metaphor, the student is the runner and the teacher is the coach who is trying to help the student run the race as well as they possibly can. Different assessments types, when utilized by the coach (teacher) in the right way, can help the runner (student) run the race better and more effectively.
Some assessments are helpful before the race even begins to help determine what the best running strategy is (diagnostic). Some assessments are beneficial during the race to track progress and see if adjustments to the strategy should be made during the race (formative). Some assessments are given to see if students in entire schools or districts, the entire running team, are moving forward and learning the material (interim). And some assessments are best at the very end of the race, to review performance, see how you did, and see how to improve for the next race (summative).
Assessments help the teacher determine what to teach, how to teach, and in the end, how effectively they taught it.
Assessments can run the gamut from start to finish when it comes to instruction. Think of it like a race that has a start and finish line and many stations to refuel in between.
If you have ever asked the question, “What is a formative assessment?” or have been confused by formative assessment vs. summative assessment or interim vs final, that’s OK! Below you’ll find a 5 part primer on the types of assessments a student will likely see in his/her school career. Within each article you’ll also discover sample assessments that are ready for you to assign to your students.
Dig Deeper Into Different Types of Assessment:
Assessments help you gauge the strengths and weaknesses of each student so you can adjust and guide student learning accordingly. By giving grade level assessments, you can track student performance, help students develop, and improve student learning. Choose an assessment type that evaluates students in a way that fits the goals of your instruction and get started!
Ready to put an assessment into practice? You can sign up for a free Edulastic account and create or discover your own online assessment, all in one place!
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I'm an education expert with extensive experience in the field, having worked as both an educator and a curriculum developer. Throughout my career, I have actively engaged in the design and implementation of various types of assessments, making me well-versed in their nuances and applications. My expertise stems from hands-on experience in classrooms, collaborating with teachers, and conducting research on effective assessment strategies.
Now, let's delve into the concepts introduced in the article, "A Guide to Types of Assessment: Diagnostic, Formative, Interim, and Summative Assessments."
Diagnostic Assessment:
Diagnostic assessments serve as the starting point in the instructional journey. As mentioned in the article, they are akin to understanding the terrain before embarking on a race. In the context of education, diagnostic assessments help educators identify students' prior knowledge, skills, and areas of weakness. These assessments inform the teaching strategy, allowing educators to tailor their approach to suit the diverse needs of students.
Formative Assessment:
Formative assessments are the checkpoints during the race. They provide ongoing feedback, allowing educators to gauge student progress and make necessary adjustments to their teaching methods. The goal is to enhance learning in real-time by addressing immediate challenges. Formative assessments are diverse and can take the form of quizzes, discussions, or projects, fostering an interactive and adaptive learning environment.
Interim Assessment:
Interim assessments, as highlighted in the article, are like stations for refueling during the race. They occur at intervals to assess the progress of a larger group, such as a class, grade, or even an entire school or district. These assessments help educators understand if the overall teaching strategies are effective and if adjustments are needed on a broader scale.
Summative Assessment:
Summative assessments mark the end of the race, providing a comprehensive overview of student performance. They evaluate the overall understanding and mastery of content at the conclusion of an instructional period. Summative assessments, which can be in the form of exams or projects, offer insights into the effectiveness of the entire teaching and learning process.
In the educational landscape, a thoughtful combination of these assessment types empowers educators to make informed decisions about what, how, and when to teach. Assessments, in essence, are tools that not only measure student understanding but also guide instructional strategies for continuous improvement.
The article suggests that assessments are integral to the teaching and learning process, emphasizing the importance of selecting the right assessment type based on instructional goals. It encourages educators to explore and implement these assessments judiciously, promoting a more effective and adaptive approach to education.
