Classroom Economy: How I Use Money in the Classroom (2024)

Many years ago I moved from teaching intermediate down to primary. I worked closely with another teacher who had been using money in the classroom for years. I was hesitant at first, but quickly realized that if we would be sharing students throughout the day, I would need to jump in with both feet and get started. Now it seems like second nature, but it wasn’t always the case. Here’s a look at some of the questions I had when I first started and I hope it might help you, too.

Not only can money be an incredible motivator for even the most reluctant student, but there is a wonderful opportunity to teach some real-world lessons as well as create learning opportunities. I primarily use a classroom economy to teach basic financial literacy and to manage and reward student behavior.

When I first started using classroom money I wanted to have my own bank, but didn’t want it to look vastly different my my teaching partner’s bank. When I started teaching solo again, I considered making new money. However, copies are counted and it just didn’t seem worth it to make a whole new batch of money just because I wanted to. I am a little excited that I have an excuse to make new money this year – the principal’s name currently listed on my money is now retired. Either way, here is what my classroom money looks like:

I am a teacher who LOVES alliteration and am fortunate to have a last name that works well with the word ‘bank’. In my bank I have $1, $5, $10, and $100 bills and each bill is copied onto a different color of paper. I find these denominations are highly appropriate for second graders who need practice skip counting and making change. I have contemplated making $20 and $50 bills to coordinate with real-world money and might just do so when I create my new bills (not to mention splurging on some Astrobrights copy paper).

This is where the real-world lessons come in. How do adults make money? They are paid for doing their jobs (you can read more about how I use classroom jobs here). Throughout the week, students can earn money for any number of things. For example, students who hold classroom jobs each week earn money on a weekly basis according to the payroll. Money is also earned for following rules, showing good character, putting extra effort into school work, and being responsible. It’s also important to note that money can be taken away when a student chooses not to follow the classroom rules.

During the day I will carry money around in my hand as I walk around the room. I will quietly lay money on student desks as I observe the behaviors I am looking for. When I am at the document camera and I need to give out money, I will say a student’s name, hold up the bill, and continue teaching.

I also keep track of most of the money earned throughout the week on a classroom spreadsheet which I keep on my clipboard. It looks like this during the week:

It might seem strange that I don’t use tally marks, but I’m usually making marks while teaching so I don’t really look at the clipboard very carefully other than to find the right name. I will note that most of my -1 marks are because a student was talking or off-task during my lesson. Some of the 5 or 10 marks you see are usually because that student received a compliment from an adult in the building – that’s a big deal in our classroom, so it earns more money!

On Fridays I total up the student earnings while my students are taking their Friday math quiz and then I begin Pay Day. While I am handing out the money earned, all students are required to organize their bills, count, and have their totals ready to go. After Pay Day, students are called up and must tell me how much money they have in all. I make them count it out to me because it is fantastic skip counting practice AND a great on-the-spot assessment! I record this on a different spreadsheet that looks like this (when you see a dot next to a number, it’s to remind me that a student spent money and explain the drastic drop in total money):

Now, you might be wondering why I keep track of how much money each student has from week to week. I do this for two reasons:

1 – I need to know how to set my prices for my rewards (more about that later). If the average student only has $100 earned, I cannot be charging $500 for every reward. Likewise, my prices cannot be $5 or I will be going crazy trying to keep up with rewards.

2 – Thieves. Yep, you read that right. Sadly, I’ve had more than one over the years. Yes, sometimes money is found on the floor and it is hard to determine whose bank it fell from. However, one year my best students kept telling me their money was gone, but couldn’t prove it. Then one day it was time for students to cash in for the student market (more about that later). One of our volunteers stepped in the classroom to tell me that one of the students had almost $2,000, when most of our top earners only had $400-$500. Ummm….RED FLAG. Needless to say I am very careful about record keeping now.

I’ve used three different types of “banks” for my students over the years: small, white envelopes, medium-sized manila envelopes with clasps, and library pockets. All of the options were always laminated and the slits cut open so they would last all year. Each had their pros and cons and varied with each class of students. In the picture below, the student on the left has a manila envelope. The students on the right have small, white envelopes.

This one has definitely evolved. In the beginning my teaching partner and I held classroom markets once a month. These were very elaborate and required the help of some dedicated volunteers. We had donated and gently used items for sale. We also purchased some special items to sell, too. Let’s just say this was a very expensive, monthly activity.

We also had special student markets twice a year. During the first round, half of the students were producers and the other half were consumers. For the second round the roles would reverse. Each student was responsible for creating a product to sell (about 1-2 dozen), determining a price, and creating a store poster for advertising. We would set up shops in the cafeteria and invite adults from the building to come shop for new goods. It was a great learning experience about supply and demand. Some students sold out quickly because they had an amazing product. Others would hardly sell anything because their prices were too high or their product wasn’t in demand. Either way, it was a great way for students to earn and spend money that didn’t come out of our pockets!

Here are a few examples of the coupons included:

I use a pocket chart and put the coupons in for display. I then put sticky notes with prices on the front. Why sticky notes? Great question! In the real-world, prices are always changing due to supply and demand. So in my classroom, prices change with supply and demand, too. For example, if several students want to purchase a coupon to sit on the floor with a pillow for the day, the price will soon go up because I have a limited supply of pillows. If it didn’t, I would have to start a waiting list!

I hope that answers some of your questions about how I use classroom money in the classroom. Let me know if there’s anything else you would like to know about my system!

Happy Teaching!