Can a Computer Virus Completely Disable a Hard Drive? (2024)

A particularly malicious virus can at worst disable a hard drive temporarily. A virus alone is not enough to physically break a hard drive or completely disable a hard drive to the point where it can't be repaired. Some particularly bad viruses, including boot-sector viruses, can be so difficult to remove for a nonexpert that he may feel like the hard drive is a lost cause. But the fact is that while viruses can destroy the data stored on a hard drive, they cannot destroy the device itself.

Virus Disable, Not Break

  1. A computer virus is a self-replicating, malicious computer program classified as a type of malware. Viruses are designed to spread from computer to computer and infect or destroy files and programs stored on a computer. A virus that gets into vital system information can disable the computer's operating system and render the system unusable. The virus changes file code so the computer is stuck working with broken files. According to Computer Hope, any virus that affects files stored on the hard drive can be removed by reformatting the hard drive. However, reformatting the drive deletes all data -- and the virus could still be present on a file backup.

Boot-Sector Viruses

  1. Boot-sector viruses are among the most damaging viruses and the most difficult to remove malware. A boot-sector virus infects the part of the hard drive that controls the operating system loading information and the file allocation tables that the hard drive uses to locate information stored on the device. Boot-sector viruses can survive a hard-drive reformat because they're stored on a different section of the disk. Boot-sector viruses can be removed by either clearing the boot sector or using a removal tool and rebuilding the boot sector.

Hypothetical Firmware Damage

  1. According to Computerworld, Western Digital Vice President Gary Meister said there is a way to build a virus that can damage a particular hard drive's firmware and disable the device. However, the firmware can be flashed and restored to its original state, so the firmware-damaging virus still can't permanently disable a hard drive. The firmware-damaging virus is an impractical creation, though, as it is extremely difficult to code, has to be tailor-coded for each specific hard drive and lacks motivational intent because it would disable a computer instead of steal information.

Disk-Thrashing Aggravation

  1. There is a hypothetical way that a virus could contribute to an existing action that can break a hard drive. When a computer doesn't have enough RAM to handle all program demands, it falls back on a virtual memory extension on the hard drive. When the virtual memory size is insufficient, the computer can engage in disk thrashing. Disk thrashing means the hard drive is constantly reading and writing information, which can contribute to wearing down the device hardware. It is unlikely a virus would cause disk thrashing, but several viruses running a computer that's already disk thrashing can increase the severity of the issue and contribute to hard-drive wear.

Can a Computer Virus Completely Disable a Hard Drive? (2024)

FAQs

Can a Computer Virus Completely Disable a Hard Drive? ›

Some particularly bad viruses, including boot-sector viruses, can be so difficult to remove for a nonexpert that he may feel like the hard drive is a lost cause. But the fact is that while viruses can destroy the data stored on a hard drive, they cannot destroy the device itself.

Can a virus destroy a hard drive? ›

Like the real thing, computer viruses replicate themselves, spreading through your operating system and network. At the same time, the virus is wreaking havoc: it can damage programs, delete files, and make devastating changes to your hard drive, all of which can result in reduced performance.

Can malware corrupt hard drive? ›

Malware/viruses: A virus infection cannot cause physical damage to your hard drive, regardless of what you might read in a ransomware email, but it can damage the data enough to make it unreadable to your computer.

Can viruses completely destroy all the data on your computer? ›

Like other threats, a computer virus can cause unwanted alteration or loss of data. The damage done depends on the computer virus. There are viruses that do no harm, others that just annoy the user, and still others that can completely destroy all your data files.

Can a Trojan virus destroy a hard drive? ›

A Trojan is a type of virus that can have highly destructive effects: from deleting files to destroying all the contents of the hard disk.

What destroys a computer hard drive? ›

The most effective way to destroy a hard drive is to shred it. Similar to shredding documents and paper, shredding turns a hard drive into a million tiny pieces that can't be put back together again, therefore destroying and erasing the data forever.

What malware destroys the hard drive? ›

The Chernobyl virus is most notably recognized as the first virus known to have the power to damage computer hardware. The activated viral strain attempts to erase the hard drive and overwrite the system's BIOS as well.

Can corrupted hard drive be recovered? ›

Yes, files can be recovered from a failed hard drive by using a skilled data recovery service. Failed hard drives cannot be salvaged with recovery software since the operating system cannot access the device to allow the application to recover the data.

Can corrupted hard drive be fixed? ›

You can fix a corrupted hard drive by running the CHKDSK command in Command Prompt. Caution: The CHKDSK command known for scanning and repairing drive, allow to use /f and /r attributes to fix the corruption in the hard disk.

How do I fix my hard drive that won't read? ›

Here are a few troubleshooting steps you can take to remedy the situation, before you declare everything has been lost.
  1. 1. Make Sure It's Plugged In and Powered On. ...
  2. Reboot Your Computer. ...
  3. Try Another Cable, Port, or PC. ...
  4. Update Your Drivers. ...
  5. Enable and Format the Drive in Disk Management. ...
  6. Clean the Disk and Start From Scratch.
Oct 21, 2022

Which virus is most difficult to remove from computer? ›

Resident Virus – Unlike direct action viruses, resident viruses get installed on the computer. It is difficult to identify the virus and it is even difficult to remove a resident virus. Multipartite Virus – This type of virus spreads through multiple ways.

What kind of damage can a computer virus do to a computer? ›

What does a computer virus do? Some computer viruses are programmed to harm your computer by damaging programs, deleting files, or reformatting the hard drive. Others simply replicate themselves or flood a network with traffic, making it impossible to perform any internet activity.

What computer viruses Cannot do? ›

Similarly, in the same way that viruses cannot reproduce without a host cell, computer viruses cannot reproduce and spread without programming such as a file or document.

Will resetting PC remove Trojan virus? ›

Performing a factory reset is the best way to get rid of viruses, spyware, and other malware. A factory reset will delete everything that wasn't originally installed on the device. This includes any viruses that infected your operating system and files.

Does Best Buy destroy hard drives? ›

We make sure your hard drives are thoroughly wiped or physically destroyed so no sensitive data can be retrieved. If you bring your old computers to Best Buy, destroying your data rests on your shoulders. Best Buy doesn't have a third-party certified process in place to do this for their customers.

Can a computer damage a hard drive? ›

Modern computers are extremely resilient, and most improper shutdowns don't cause serious data loss. Unfortunately, that's not always the case. Unplugging an external drive or shutting down an internal hard drive improperly can certainly lead to file damage and mechanical issues.

Does running a magnet over a hard drive erase it? ›

Yes, magnets can be used to corrupt data on a hard drive – in theory. Bringing a powerful magnet into contact with the magnetic platters could corrupt them and render the data stored on the platters unusable.

What is the most damaging malware of all time? ›

Mydoom is arguably the worst malware in history, causing more than $38 billion worth of damages in 2004. Like Sobig, it was another type of mass mailing computer worm that stole email addresses from infected computers and sent itself to those addresses.

What is a virus that affects the hard disk? ›

A boot sector virus is a type of virus that infects the boot sector of floppy disks or the primary boot record of hard disks (some infect the boot sector of the hard disk instead of the primary boot record).

How much does it cost to fix a corrupted hard drive? ›

Bad sectors: If your drive only has some bad sectors but no heads damaged, you could be looking at a $100-$250 recovery. Not showing up: Drives that do not show up often have firmware issues, $250-$450 to repair.

What are the symptoms of corrupted hard drive? ›

Signs of a Hard Drive Logical Failure
  • Frequent error messages during normal operations.
  • Files and folders disappear or get corrupted.
  • Irregular system crashes and disk errors.
  • Operating system (OS) won't boot.
  • File or folder names have changed.
  • S.M.A.R.T. monitoring shows an issue with the hard disk drive (HDD)
Mar 27, 2023

What are the symptoms of hard disk failure? ›

What are the signs of hard drive failure?
  • Overheating.
  • Strange sounds.
  • Corrupted data, files, and folders.
  • Major slowdowns.
  • Stuck spindle motor.
  • Frequent error messages.
  • System crashes.
  • Blue Screen of Death.
Nov 19, 2021

Do hard drives corrupt easily? ›

A Hard drive may fail at any moment. It happens after accumulation of bad sectors in the disk due to aging or a sudden crash. This may result in irrevocable damage to the disk platter surface. The reasons behind hard drive failure may be different, but they result in permanent data loss in most cases.

How can I open a corrupted hard drive without formatting it? ›

How to Restore Data from External Hard Drive
  1. Download and install Disk Drill.
  2. Connect your external hard drive to your computer.
  3. Launch Disk Drill, select the external hard drive, and click Search for lost data.
  4. Wait for scanning to finish.
  5. Preview and select the files you want to recover.
Feb 24, 2023

What causes corrupted hard drives? ›

Reasons: Your computer data can become corrupt due to several reasons, such as use of malware or freeware programs, virus infection or attacks, many others. Any of these reasons can play an essential role in corruption, and after that, your hard disk gets unstable and starts running in an improper manner.

How do I fix a corrupted hard drive that is not responding or dead? ›

Methods to Fix Corrupted Hard Drive
  1. Go to Computer/This PC >> Select Hard Drive >> Choose Properties.
  2. Select Tools >> Error checking >> Check now >> Check local disk >> Start.
  3. Shut down all open and running programs >> wait for the system to check upon the next boot >> restart the PC.
Mar 9, 2023

How do I reset a corrupted hard drive? ›

Right-click Start and click Disk Management. Right-click the volume of your corrupted hard drive and select Format. Ensure Perform a quick format is selected and click OK. Click OK again to confirm the action.

What is the fastest spreading virus computer? ›

R, Shimgapi, W32/Mydoom@MM, WORM_MYDOOM, Win32. Mydoom is a computer worm affecting Microsoft Windows. It was first sighted on January 26, 2004. It became the fastest-spreading e-mail worm ever, exceeding previous records set by the Sobig worm and ILOVEYOU, a record which as of 2023 has yet to be surpassed.

Can a computer virus be remove for good? ›

Some computer viruses and other unwanted software reinstall themselves after the viruses and spyware are detected and removed. Fortunately, by updating the computer and by using malicious software removal tools, you can help permanently remove unwanted software.

How do I clear my computer of viruses? ›

How to get rid of a computer virus
  1. Step 1: Download and install a virus scanner. ...
  2. Step 2: Disconnect from internet. ...
  3. Step 3: Reboot your computer into safe mode. ...
  4. Step 4: Delete any temporary files. ...
  5. Step 5: Run a virus scan. ...
  6. Step 6: Delete or quarantine the virus. ...
  7. Step 7: Reboot your computer. ...
  8. Step 8: Change all your passwords.

Which 4 things are viruses not able to do? ›

Viruses are not made out of cells, they can't keep themselves in a stable state, they don't grow, and they can't make their own energy. Even though they definitely replicate and adapt to their environment, viruses are more like androids than real living organisms.

What are the 4 things viruses Cannot do? ›

Viruses also lack the properties of living things: They have no energy metabolism, they do not grow, they produce no waste products, and they do not respond to stimuli.

What is worse than a computer virus? ›

Usually, a worm is more dangerous than a virus, because it can spread more quickly. For example, a worm could infect all of your email contacts.

How can I recover data from a virus infected hard drive? ›

Use a Professional Data Recovery Software. If you were unable to recover data from virus-infected hard drive using CMD, you can use a professional data recovery software like Stellar Data Recovery Professional. This professional data recovery software can recover data from various virus-infected storage media.

Do you need to clean the drive to get rid of a virus? ›

Typically, you shouldn't need to format your hard drive to get rid of viruses. As long as your anti-virus program is up-to-date, it should detect and remove any malware on your system.

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